India Promotes Rupee Trade Through Special Vostro Accounts While Rejecting BRICS Common Currency

India Pushes for Global Trade in Rupees

India is actively promoting international trade in its local currency – the Indian Rupee – while rejecting the idea of a common BRICS currency for de-dollarization. The move aims to strengthen the rupee’s role in global trade and reduce dependency on the U.S. dollar.

RBI’s Special Vostro Account Mechanism

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced a system that allows foreign trading partners to settle imports and exports in rupees through Special Rupee Vostro Accounts (SRVAs). Banks from 22 countries – including Bangladesh, Germany, Russia, the UAE, and the UK – have already been authorized to open these accounts.

India-Russia Trade in Local Currencies

Over 90% of India-Russia trade is now settled in local currencies, reaching nearly $68 billion in FY 2024-25. This surge follows a fivefold increase in trade volume after Western sanctions on Russia pushed both nations to explore non-dollar payment options.

However, India’s growing trade deficit with Russia has led to large rupee surpluses in Russian bank accounts. To manage this, the RBI has amended rules allowing Russian entities to invest surplus rupees in Indian treasury bills, government bonds, stocks, and infrastructure projects.

First Rupee-Dirham Oil Deal with UAE

In August 2023, India and the UAE completed their first crude oil deal using the Local Currency Settlement (LCS) mechanism. This marked a significant milestone in India’s efforts to promote rupee-based global trade and strengthen financial independence.

Benefits and Challenges

Reduces dependency on foreign currencies like the U.S. dollar
Lowers transaction and conversion costs for traders
Minimizes exchange rate risks
Promotes India as a stable trade partner

Despite these advantages, challenges persist. The Indian Rupee is still not fully convertible and remains weaker than major global currencies, which limits its acceptance in international markets.

India’s Long-Term Goal

India’s push for rupee settlement aligns with its long-term goal of becoming a global economic hub. By focusing on local currency trade mechanisms instead of a BRICS common currency, India aims to maintain monetary sovereignty while gradually expanding the rupee’s global footprint.